13. Cash and cash equivalents
 
  Group Company
  2023
R '000
2022
R '000
2023
R '000
2022
R '000
Cash and cash equivalents consist of:        
Cash on hand 26 64
Bank balances 1,328,082 967,211 1,732 402
Short-term deposits 327,699 301,324
  1,655,807 1,268,599 1,732 402
Reconciliation of cash in the Group        
Cash in the Venture 631,249 350,797
Cash in the Venture for rehabilitation* 327,648 301,273
Cash in Merafe Resources 1,732 402 1,732 402
Cash in Merafe Ferrochrome 687,672 609,208
Cash in Kroondal Rehabilitation Trust** 7,401 6,890
Cash in Chrome and Alloys 25
Cash in Unicorn Chrome 105 4
  1,655,807 1,268,599 1,732 402

 

Cash at the bank earns interest at a floating rate based on daily bank deposit rates. Call deposits are made for varying periods of between one day and one month depending on the immediate cash requirements of the Group, and interest is earned at the respective call deposit rates.

The Group's exposure to interest rate risk and sensitivity analysis for financial assets and liabilities are disclosed in note 27. While cash and cash equivalents are also subject to impairment requirements of IFRS 9: Financial Instruments, the identified impairment loss was immaterial.

*The cash held by the Venture for rehabilitation is not restricted but has been set aside to fund the environmental rehabilitation. The rehabilitation funding requirements currently mandated by the Department of Mineral Resources and Energy are financed through guarantees. Refer to note 27.

**The cash held is not available for general use by the Group and is held in a trust bank account to rehabilitate the Kroondaal mine.