4. Intangible assets
 
2023 2022
Group Cost Accumulated
amortisation
and impairment
Carrying value Cost Accumulated
amortisation
and impairment
Carrying value
Mineral rights 163,006 (137,593) 25,413 163,006 (133,380) 29,626

Reconciliation of intangible assets – Group – 2023

  Opening balance Amortisation  Total
Mineral rights 29,626 (4,213) 25,413

Impairment assessment

As a result of an impairment indicator arising from Merafe's market capitalisation being lower than the net asset value on 31 December 2023, management performed an impairment assessment on the basis set out in notes 1.17 and note 37. Significant judgement and estimates were made in determining the value-in-use calculation, which is further explained in note 37. The recoverable amount was determined using the value-in-use calculation via a discounted cash flow model. Based on the model, the carrying value was higher than the recoverable amount, but no impairment was recognised as there was no conclusive evidence to support the loss. There was no impairment due to specific assets having nil economic value.

Reconciliation of intangible assets – Group – 2022

  Opening
balance
Amortisation  Total
Mineral rights 34,060 (4,434) 29,626

Impairment assessment

As a result of an impairment indicator arising from Merafe's market capitalisation being lower than the net asset value on 31 December 2022, management performed an impairment assessment on the basis set out in notes 1.17 and note 37. Significant judgement and estimates were made in determining the value-in-use calculation which is further explained in note 37. The recoverable amount was determined using the value-in-use calculation via a discounted cash flow model. Based on the model, the carrying value was higher than the recoverable amount, but no impairment was recognised as there was no conclusive evidence to support the loss. An impairment was raised against the assets to the value of R0.24m due to specific assets having nil economic value.